除了政策限制正在有序解除，促使整车厂转向L4的现实推手是供应链。硬件层面，激光雷达成本大幅下降、高算力芯片规模化应用，特别是大模型让智驾研发提速，厂商们发力L4的时机已经成熟。
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For implementers, this promise-heavy design constrains optimization opportunities. The spec mandates specific promise resolution ordering, making it difficult to batch operations or skip unnecessary async boundaries without risking subtle compliance failures. There are many hidden internal optimizations that implementers do make but these can be complicated and difficult to get right.